奥瑟琳露西与阿拉巴马大学

瑟古德马歇尔相信如果最高法院有所决议、那么整个国家都将会依循该决议行事，但在1950年，有些人却仍然不惜任何代价要维持种族隔离的政策（也就是让黑人学生在不同的学校就读）。
 
马歇尔帮助1954年在最高法院中指针性种族隔离案件布朗控诉教育局案的胜诉，该案判决公立学校的隔离政策是不符宪法精神的（不合法）。

这个案件于1952年发生在阿拉巴马州，一名年轻女性奥瑟琳露西的入学申请由阿拉巴马大学认可，但学校在发现她是一名非裔美国人之后，便告诉她该州法令不允许她进入该校就读，马歇尔与其他律师和露西一起努力、向学校提出诉讼，经过数年的对抗，美国最高法院在1955年终于宣判露西有权进入阿拉巴马大学就读。

Thurgood Marshall believed that if the Supreme Court decided something, then the rest of the country would follow its decision. But in the 1950s, some people were willing to do almost anything to keep schools segregated (that is, keep black students in separate schools).

Marshall had helped win the 1954 landmark Supreme Court desegregation case, Brown v. Board of Education. The Brown decision said that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional (illegal).

The first test of Brown was in Alabama. In 1952, before Brown was the law of the land, a young black woman named Autherine Lucy was accepted to the University of Alabama. Once the university realized she was African-American, they told her state law did not allow her to attend. Marshall and other lawyers worked with Lucy to sue the university. After years of courtroom battles, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1955 that Lucy could go to the University of Alabama.

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