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由保罗列维尔(Paul
Revere)所雕刻及印刷的描述1770年的波士顿惨案的版画。
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波士顿惨案
您知道谁被视为美国革命中的首位英雄吗？
美国革命开始前的1770年3月5日，发生在麻州波士顿的波士顿惨案是一项抗争行动。当天稍晚，因为波士顿居民对出现在市内的军队感到忿恨不平，殖民地居民群聚对一些英国军队叫嚣并加以骚扰。当紧张情势逐渐累积，士兵突然使用毛瑟枪射击群众，五名殖民地居民当场遭到射杀，其中的黑人船员及前奴隶阿塔克斯(Crispus
Attucks)即成为第一位死于美国革命的人。
这次的暴力事件成为美国爱国者的起事要点，这群由山谬亚当斯(Samuel
Adams)所带领的爱国者将阿塔克斯的尸体放在波士顿的法纽尔厅(Faneuil
Hall：念做
fan-yule)，爱国者领袖为被杀的五人举行了送葬队伍。图中的波士顿惨案版画是保罗列维尔(Paul
Revere)所制。它被用来当做要求军队自波士顿撤军的宣传(propaganda，用来帮助或伤害目标或个人物品)。由于市内不断上升的紧张情势，英国军队只好暂时撤离波士顿并退守至堡岛(Castle
Island)上的威廉堡(Fort
William)。涉及波士顿惨案的英国士兵也交由审判判决，其中两人的杀人罪成立，被判自军中除役。
Do you know who is considered to be the first hero of the American Revolution?
The Boston Massacre was a struggle that took place in Boston, Massachusetts, on March 5, 1770, just before the start of the American Revolution. Late that day, a crowd of colonists gathered to shout at and bother some British troops. Boston residents were resentful of the presence of the troops in their city. As tension mounted, the soldiers suddenly fired their muskets. Five colonists were shot and killed. Crispus Attucks, a black sailor and former slave, was shot and became the first person to die in the American Revolution.
The violent incident became a rallying point for American patriots, led by Samuel Adams. Crispus Attucks's body was laid out at Faneuil (pronounced fan-yule) Hall in Boston. Patriot leaders organized a funeral procession for the five who were killed. Paul Revere produced the engraving shown here of the Boston Massacre. It was used as propaganda (something used to help or harm a cause or individual) to demand the removal of British troops from Boston. Due to the increasing tension in the city, British troops temporarily withdrew from Boston to Fort William on Castle Island. The British solders involved in the Boston Massacre were also brought to trial. Two of them were found guilty of manslaughter, punished, and discharged from the army.
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