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萨卡加维亚(Sacagawea)的故事
您知道萨卡加维亚的故事吗？她就是新款的美金一元金色硬币上的女士。
萨卡加维亚是肖肖尼族印地安人(Shoshone)。1800年，当她才12岁大时，希达察族(Hidatsa)的印地安战士突袭她的部落并抓走了许多年青人，包括了她。希达察族是美洲平原印第安民族，与苏族(Sioux)有血缘关系，他们是常规的定居民族，意谓他们会在某地兴建村庄，而不会四处迁徙。他们住在土制小屋内，与其他的平原印地安部落、英国商人及法国商人进行交易。希达察族的族内男女各司其职，分工相当清楚。男人负责狩猎野牛及其他的小型猎物，也负责参与战事，而女人除了维持小屋的清洁外，也负责大部分的农事，如：种植谷物、南瓜及豆类。19世纪时，希达察族的战士时常突袭其他印地安部落的村庄，就像萨卡加维亚被捕的那次袭击。
萨卡加维亚在希达察人的村落内住了好几年，但1804年时，她被卖给或输给了一位法裔加拿大籍的设陷阱捕兽者及商人夏博诺(Toussaint
Charbonneau)。后来萨卡加维亚就成为夏博诺的其中一位妻子，两人育有一子金巴蒂斯特(Jean
Baptiste)。当探险家梅瑞威德尔路易斯(Meriwether
Lewis)及威廉克拉克(William
Clark)于1805年行经现在的北达科他州时，夏博诺及萨卡加维亚添加他们的远征队行列。萨卡加维亚后来成为远征队中的驰名向导及翻译，帮助远征队队员完成到达太平洋彼岸的旅程。
Do you know the story of Sacagawea, the woman who is on the new $1 gold-colored coin?
Sacagawea belonged to the Shoshone tribe. In 1800, when she was 12 years old, Hidatsa warriors raided her tribe and captured many young people, including Sacagawea. The Hidatsa, an American Plains Indian tribe related to the Sioux, were traditionally a sedentary people, meaning they established villages rather than travel around from place to place. They lived in earthen lodges and traded with other Plains tribes and English and French traders. Hidatsa men and women each had clearly defined tasks and responsibilities. Men hunted bison and other game and went to war. Along with maintaining the lodges, women did most of the farming and grew corn, squash, and beans. During the 19th century, Hidatsa warriors often went on raiding parties like the one where they captured Sacagawea.
Sacagawea lived with the Hidatsa for a few years, but, by 1804, she had been sold or gambled away to a French-Canadian trapper and trader, Toussaint Charbonneau. Sacagawea became one of Charbonneau's wives and gave birth to their son, Jean Baptiste. When explorers Meriwether Lewis and William Clark passed through what is now North Dakota in 1805, Charbonneau and Sacagawea joined their expedition. Sacagawea went on to become the explorers' celebrated guide and interpreter on their journey to the Pacific Ocean.
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