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约翰．皮尔兴 (John
J. Pershing) 去世了：1948年7月15日
皮尔兴从西点军校 (West
Point) 毕业后，他成为西部第六骑兵团的指挥官，并且参与了对抗阿帕契 (Apache) 与苏族 (Sioux) 印第安人的行动。
当国会通过法律授权美国军队成立由黑人士兵组成的骑兵与步兵团时，皮尔兴成为率领蒙大拿州第10骑兵团的首位中尉。由非裔美人组成的第9与第10号骑兵团在1898年美西战争中的圣提牙哥 (Santiago) 与圣黄安山 (San
Juan Hill) 之战中都扮演相当重要的角色。皮尔兴后来还因为在这些战争中的英勇表现，而得到「银星褒扬奖章」 (Silver
Star Citation) ，但是他那时候还没有碰到恶名昭彰的潘桥．维拉。
After graduating from the United States Military Academy at West Point, Pershing commanded the 6th Cavalry Regiment in the West, where he participated in the campaigns against the Apache and Sioux Indians.
When a new law authorized the U.S. Army to form cavalry and infantry regiments of black soldiers, Pershing became first lieutenant of the 10th Cavalry Regiment in Montana, one of several segregated regiments. The African American troops of the 9th and 10th Cavalry Divisions played a prominent role in the battles of Santiago and San Juan Hill during the Spanish-American War in 1898. Pershing was awarded a Silver Star Citation for gallantry in both those battles, but he had yet to meet the notorious Pancho Villa.
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